نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق کیفری و جرم شناسیِ دانشکده حقوقِ دانشگاه قم، ایران، قم
2 استادیار گروه حقوق کیفری و جرم شناسیِ دانشکده حقوقِ دانشگاه قم، ایران، قم
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Moral damages arising from crime in bodily injuries are an important aspect of victim protection and compensatory justice. In Iranian law, Note 2 of Article 14 of the Iranian Criminal Procedure Code, enacted in 1392 SH (2014) excludes payment of moral damages from offenses entailing diya and creates inequality among victims. This inequality is clearer in mutual confrontations: a victim of insult may claim moral damages, while a victim of battery, despite bodily injury, psychological suffering, and reputational effects, is often limited to diya. Using a descriptive-analytical method and comparative approach, this article examines moral damages in offenses entailing diya in Iranian and Kuwaiti law. The findings show that diya, although compensatory, does not cover all moral and personal consequences of crime. Arsh and hukumat, due to their connection with the logic of diya and bodily assessment, are not independent mechanisms for compensating psychological suffering, reputational harm, or social injury. The study of Kuwaiti law shows that diya, as compensation for bodily injury, can be distinguished from moral damages, as compensation for non-material suffering. Therefore, recognizing independent, serious, and provable moral damages, with criteria for judicial assessment and prevention of double compensation, provides a fairer approach to victim protection.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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