نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق کیفری و جرمشناسیِ دانشکده الهیات و معارف اسلامیِ دانشگاه میبد، ایران، میبد
2 استادیار گروه فقه و حقوق اسلامیِ دانشکده الهیات و معارف اسلامیِ دانشگاه میبد، ایران، میبد
3 استادیار گروه حقوقِ دانشکده الهیات و معارف اسلامیِ دانشگاه میبد، ایران، میبد
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
In Article 152 of the Islamic Penal Code regarding the subject scope of the state of necessity, the Iranian legislator has adopted a limited and subject-oriented (instead of situation-oriented) approach, by mentioning the two subjects of "self" and "property", and remained silent on other issues, such as one’s honor and that of others. The current research was carried out with the descriptive-analytical method and with the aim of studying the subject scope of the state of necessity in Iranian regulations and its compliance with the basics and comparison with Egyptian criminal regulations. As a finding and in explaining the scope of the subject, considering the evidence and foundations, a person can rely upon this justifying factor for the protection of various subjects such as life and physical integrit, honor, one’s or another’s property, as well as social interests and benefits, and with an individual selectivity. The Egyptian Penal Code, adopting a situation-based approach and using the general term “self-defense” has chosen a broad approach and has not limited it to a specific subject. This holistic approach has allowed the Egyptian legislator to address issues of necessity with greater flexibility, and at the same time, leave judges free to interpret and apply the law to the specific circumstances of each case. This difference in the approach of the two legal systems indicates a disagreement in attitude towards the concept of a state of necessity and its limits. While Iran, by emphasizing specific aspects, seeks to establish clear and limited frameworks, Egypt, with a more general approach, provides more room for judicial interpretation and flexibility in dealing with various cases.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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