نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق کیفری و جرم شناسی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
In Herat, Afghanistan and the Azerbaijan region of Iran, women live within a framework of rules, norms, and social, cultural, and legal policies that regulate their behavior, bodies, family relations, and social lives. Among these, what is referred to as "virtue and vice policies" pertains to a set of formal and informal rules that define the desirable and undesirable behaviors of women through the institutions of family, society, and governing structures. This study aims to answer the question: "How do virtue and vice policies in Afghanistan and Azerbaijan, Iran impact and shape the lives of women, and what role do they play in reinforcing patriarchal order, social control, and the violation of women's fundamental rights?" To address this, a phenomenological approach was employed, and data was analyzed using a gendered criminology framework. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 20 women from Afghanistan and Azerbaijan, Iran, with varying ages, backgrounds, and life experiences. The analysis revealed the limitations, violence, resistance, and individual and social agency experienced by women in these two contexts. The findings indicate that virtue policies in both societies encompass behaviors and actions that legitimize women’s compliance with patriarchal norms, including unquestioning obedience to family and husband’s decisions, acceptance of forced marriages, silence in the face of violence, adherence to full-body covering, and focus on roles as mothers and wives. In contrast, vice policies include actions that legitimize women’s independence, choice-making, and participation in public, educational, and professional spheres.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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